Socioeconomic Impacts & Policy/Management Recommendations
Links
- Ecological and socioeconomic strategies to sustain Caribbean coral reefs in a high-CO₂ world. Regional Studies in Marine Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2019.100677
- Coral reefs under climate change and ocean acidification: Challenges and opportunities for management and policy. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 41, 59–81. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-110615-085610
- Reefs at Risk in the Caribbean. World Resources Institute. https://pdf.wri.org/reefs_caribbean_full.pdf
- Characterizing the supply chain for Puerto Rico's oyster markets. Frontiers in Marine Science, 13, 1882443. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2026.1882443
- Impacts of ocean acidification in the coastal and marine environments of Caribbean small island developing states (SIDS). Caribbean Marine Climate Change Report Card: Science Review 2017, 31–30.
- Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network (GOA-ON): Requirements and governance plan. GOA-ON. https://doi.org/10.25607/OBP-1515
- Puerto Rico's State of the Climate 2014—2021: Assessing Puerto Rico's Social-Ecological Vulnerabilities in a Changing Climate. Puerto Rico Coastal Zone Management Program, Department of Natural and Environmental Resources, NOAA Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management. San Juan, PR. https://www.drna.pr.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/PR_StateOfTheClimate_2014-2021_PRCCC-09-2022.pdf
- The value of US coral reefs for flood risk reduction. Nature Sustainability, 4(8), 688–698. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-021-00706-6
- Rigorously valuing the role of U.S. coral reefs in coastal hazard risk reduction. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1027. https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191027
- Hybrid coral reef restoration can be a cost-effective nature-based solution to provide protection to vulnerable coastal populations. Science Advances, 11(3), eadn4004. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adn4004
- The Nature Conservancy. (2026). Políticas y regulaciones de la acuicultura marina en Puerto Rico. San Juan, Puerto Rico.
- The Nature Conservancy. (2026). Marine aquaculture policies and regulations in Puerto Rico. San Juan, Puerto Rico.
- Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy Study (PR100). National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), U.S. Department of Energy. https://doi.org/10.2172/2335361
- Estudio de Resiliencia de la Red Eléctrica de Puerto Rico y Transiciones a Energía 100% Renovable (PR100). National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), U.S. Department of Energy. https://doi.org/10.2172/2335362